Dogs' Brains Shrink Over 5,000 Years

Easy version (A2–B1)

Dogs have smaller brains than wolves. A study shows that their brains started to shrink at least 5,000 years ago. This does not mean dogs are less smart. They can understand humans well. Experts say domestication helped dogs communicate better.

Standard version (B1–B2)

Research indicates that dogs' brains began to shrink at least 5,000 years ago, providing new insights into their domestication. Despite having smaller brains than wolves, experts assert that this reduction does not imply that dogs are less intelligent. In fact, domestication has enhanced their ability to understand and communicate with humans, according to Dr. Thomas Cucchi from the French National Centre for Scientific Research.

Advanced version (C1–C2)

A recent study published in the journal Royal Society Open Science reveals that dogs' brains began to shrink at least 5,000 years ago, offering new perspectives on the domestication process of these animals. While it is well-established that dogs possess smaller brains compared to their wolf ancestors, researchers emphasize that this reduction does not equate to diminished intelligence. Dr. Thomas Cucchi, the study's lead author, argues that domestication has not rendered dogs 'stupid'; rather, it has enhanced their capacity to interpret human behavior and communicate effectively. The study involved analyzing CT scans of skulls from prehistoric dogs and wolves, as well as modern breeds, to trace the evolutionary changes in brain size.