What is the main goal of the scientists in the article?

To explore new fossil fuel sources

What is the impact of losing Arctic ice mentioned in the article?

It creates a vicious circle of melting and heating

It increases animal populations

refreeze
to freeze again
“Scientists are trying to refreeze the Arctic sea ice.”
geoengineering
large-scale intervention in Earth's natural systems to combat climate change
“Some scientists are looking into geoengineering schemes.”
melting
the process of turning from solid to liquid
“The melting of the Arctic’s summer sea ice is a visible impact of climate change.”
temperatures
the degree of heat present in a substance
“Temperatures were 5-10C above normal.”
emergency brakes
a mechanism to stop or slow down a process
“Geoengineering could act as emergency brakes if deemed necessary.”